Document W3C-SGML-ERB DD-1996-0002-7
10 Sep 1996

7 Markup Declarations: Document Type Definition (Clause 11)

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Except as indicated, LA does not discuss the following items, since it describes declarations but does not, for the most part, parse them. It has, accordingly, been listed for the most part as dna.

11.1 (a) defines the syntax of the document type declaration.

[Sic Bas, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; mod. LA; dna NSGML; sil. MGML, SL. LA prohibits the DTD subset. The current documentation for MGML does not specify how document instances are linked to their types. NSGML requires the document instance to be linked to a DTD not by means of a document type declaration but by means of a processing instruction or a command-line program argument.]

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11.1 (b) distinguishes entity sets, element sets, and short reference sets, without requiring them to appear in any particular order.

[Sic Bas, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; mod. MGML; dna LA, NSGML, SL. MGML requires all entity declarations to precede all element and attribute list declarations.]

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11.1 (c) defines the various legal types of declarations (not their syntax, just their types):
- entity declaration
  
  [Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, SL.]
  
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- element declaration
  
  [Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, TEI; mod. SO; dna LA, NSGML, SL. SO suggests allowing a form of document type declaration which contains no element declarations at all.]
  
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- attribute definition list declaration
  
  [Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, TEI; mod. SO; dna LA, NSGML, SL. SO suggests allowing a form of document type declaration which contains no attribute definition list declarations at all.]
  
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- notation declaration
  
  [Sic Bas, Min, SO, TEI; om. MGML, PSGML; dna LA, NSGML, SL.]
  
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- short reference mapping declaration
  
  [Sic Bas; om. MGML, Min, NSGML, PSGML, SL, SO, TEI; dna LA.]
  
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- short reference use declaration
  
  [Sic Bas; om. MGML, Min, NSGML, PSGML, SL, SO, TEI; dna LA.]
  
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See also 10.1.4 for definition of ds.
11.2 (a) defines the syntax of element declarations.

[Sic Bas, Min, SO, TEI; mod. MGML, PSGML; dna LA, NSGML, SL. MGML declares elements using instances of a specialized document type, rather than a specialized syntax. PSGML disallows name groups in the element-type slot, restricts the syntax of the content model, and disallows some types of declared content.]

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11.2 (b) allows omitted tag minimization to be omitted from the declaration, if omittag yes is specified.

[Sic Bas, TEI; om. MGML; mod. PSGML; dna LA, Min, NSGML, SL, SO. MGML provides no syntax for specifying omitted tag minimization. PSGML restricts omitted tag minimization to the two possible values - - and - O, the latter only for empty elements.]

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11.2.1 forbids multiple element declarations for the same element type.

[Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, SL.]

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11.2.3 defines the types of declared content:
- cdata
- rcdata
- empty
[Sic Bas, Min, TEI; mod. MGML, PSGML, SO; dna LA, NSGML, SL. MGML, NSGML, and PSGML allow empty elements but not cdata or rcdata. SO makes support for empty elements an optional feature.]

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11.2.4 (a) allows the content model to take the form of the keyword any.

[Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, SL.]

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11.2.4 (b) allows the content model to contain exceptions.

[Sic Bas, Min, TEI; om. MGML, PSGML; mod. SO; dna LA, NSGML, SL. SO makes support for inclusion exceptions an optional feature.]

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11.2.4 (c) defines the difference between mixed content and element content and warns against the mixed-content trap.

[Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; dna LA; sil. NSGML, SL.]

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11.2.4 (d) defines the order in which content must be assigned to tokens in the relevant content models (repetitions of tokens and model groups, then tokens in other model groups, then inclusion exceptions).

[Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, SL, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML.]

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11.2.4 (e) specifies that undeclared elements may be named in content models.

[Sic Bas, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; om. MGML; dna LA, NSGML, SL. MGML requires all elements referred to in a content model to be declared; this is enforced with an id/idref link to the element declaration.]

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11.2.4.1 (a) specifies the three legal connectors, and, or, and seq.

[Sic Bas, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; mod. MGML; dna LA, NSGML, SL.]

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11.2.4.1 (b) specifies that the connectors have no precedence rules (and therefore only one is allowed in a group).

[Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, SL.]

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11.2.4.2 specifies the meanings of the three occurrence indicators opt, plus, and rep.

[Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, SL.]

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11.2.4.3 defines ambiguity in content models, using a definition similar to that of non-determinism in formal studies of regular languages and finite-state automata.

[Sic Bas, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, SL; sil. MGML.]

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11.2.5 defines the syntax and meaning of exceptions.

[Sic Bas, Min, SO, TEI; om. MGML, PSGML; dna LA, NSGML, SL.]

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11.3.1 (a) defines the attcnt quantity.

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11.3.1 (b) forbids multiple attribute definition list declarations for the same element type.

[Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, SL.]

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11.3.2 forbids the same attribute to appear more than once in an attlist declaration.

[Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, SL.]

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11.3.3 (a) defines the legal declared values for an attribute:
- cdata
- entity
- entities
- id
- idref
- idrefs
- name
- names
- nmtoken
- nmtokens
- number
- numbers
- nutoken
- nutokens
- notation name group
- name token group
[Sic Bas, Min, SO; mod. MGML, PSGML, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, SL. MGML suppresses the keywords idrefs, entity, and entities. PSGML suppresses the notation keyword. TEI addes the pseudo-keywords %ISO-date and %extPtr, each defined as cdata, to denote ISO-format dates (yyyy-mm-dd) and TEI extended pointers, respectively.]

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11.3.3 (b) forbids more than one attribute each of types id and notation in the same declaration.

[Sic Bas, MGML, Min, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, SL; sil. PSGML.]

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11.3.3 (c) forbids a name token to appear more than once in an attribute definition list (thus making it impossible to have three attributes whose values must each be YES or NO), whether shorttag is specified or not.

[Sic Bas, MGML, Min, SL, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML; sil. PSGML.]

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11.3.4 (a) defines the possible values for the default value specification:
- #fixed
- #required
- #current
- #conref
- #implied
- a normal attribute value specification
[Sic Bas, Min; mod. MGML, PSGML, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, SL. MGML allows attributes to be declared with status=required or status=optional; default values may be fixed=yes or fixed=no; this has the same net effect as suppressing conref and current, and retaining the other possibilities. PSGML suppresses conref defaults. SO makes support for conref and current optional features, and proposes that conventional names for attributes of type id, idref(s), and entity (-ies) be defined, to allow such attributes to be recognized in the absence of attribute declarations. TEI adds the pseudo-keyword %INHERITED, which is declared as #IMPLIED but indicates a specific algorithm for calculating implied values, namely the inheritance of the value from the parent's attribute of the same name.]

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11.3.4 (b) specifies (in a note) that "Specifying an empty literal is not equivalent to specifying implied."

[Sic Bas, MGML, Min, PSGML, SO, TEI; dna LA; sil. NSGML, SL.]

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11.4 defines the syntax of notation declarations, and forbids multiple declarations of the same notation.

[Sic Bas, Min, SO, TEI; om. MGML, PSGML; dna LA, NSGML, SL.]

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11.4.1 restricts the definition of data attributes defined for specific notations: they may not have the declared values entity, entities, id, idref, idrefs, or notation, nor the default values current or conref.

[Sic Bas, Min, SO, TEI; dna LA, NSGML, MGML, PSGML, SL.]

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11.5 and 11.6 describe the short reference mapping declaration and the short reference use declaration and must be reviewed if XML does not forbid them.

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	Disposition	Existing Proposals
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	Disposition	Existing Proposals
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	Disposition	Existing Proposals
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7 Markup Declarations: Document Type Definition (Clause 11)

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